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The Kalka–Shimla Railway is a narrow gauge railway in North-West India travelling along a mostly mountainous route from Kalka to Shimla. It is known for dramatic views of the hills and surrounding villages. == History == Shimla (then spelt Simla) was settled by the British shortly after the first Anglo-Gurkha war, and is located at in the foothills of the Himalayas. By the 1830s, Shimla had already developed as a major base for the British. It became the summer capital of British India in 1864, and was also the headquarters of the British army in India. Prior to construction of the railway, communication with the outside world was via village cart.〔 The broad gauge Delhi-Kalka line opened in 1891.〔(【引用サイトリンク】IR History: Early Days II (1870-1899) )〕 The Kalka–Shimla Railway was build on narrow gauge tracks by the Delhi-Ambala-Kalka Railway Company beginning in 1898.〔 The estimated cost was Rs 86,78,500 but the cost doubled during construction. The line opened for traffic on November 9, 1903.〔 It was inaugurated by Viceroy of India Lord Curzon.〔http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/109-year-old-steam-engine-once-again-rolls-out-on-Shimla-track/articleshow/32915005.cms〕 Because of the high capital and maintenance costs and peculiar working conditions, the Kalka–Shimla Railway was allowed to charge higher fares than on other lines. However, the company was still not profitable and was purchased by the government on January 1, 1906 for Rs 1,71,07,748. In 1905 the line was regauged to to conform to standards set by the Indian War Department. This route passes through a city named Solan, which is also known as mini Shimla. A festival celebrating the goddess Shoolini Devi, after which the city is named, is held each summer in June. In 2007, the government of Himachal Pradesh declared the railway a heritage property. For about a week starting on September 11, 2007, an expert team from UNESCO visited the railway to review and inspect it for possible selection as a World Heritage Site. On July 8, 2008, the Kalka–Shimla Railway became part of the World Heritage Site Mountain Railways of India. alongside Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, Nilgiri Mountain Railway, and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus.〔http://www.outlookindia.com/pti_print.asp?id=494079〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kalka–Shimla Railway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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